Numerical Physics of Subpicosecond Electrical
Pulse Generation by Nonuniform Gap Illumination
Xing Zhou, Member, IEEE
IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,
Vol. 32, No. 9, pp. 1672-1679, September 1996.
(Manuscript received July 18, 1995; revised March 15, 1996)
Copyright | Abstract
| References | Citation | Figures
| Reprint
|
Back
Copyright Notice
© 1996 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However,
permissionto reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional
purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or
redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component
of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.
Abstract
The physical mechanism of subpicosecond electrical pulse generated by
nonuniform illumination of transmission-line gaps is studied in detail
using a two-dimensional numerical model. This model agrees very well with
existing theories as well as experimental observations and further explains
the observed highly nonuniform field distributions, which have been neglected
in previous theories. The pulse dependence on light intensity, bias voltage,
substrate doping, and beam size and location are studied and discussed.
It also confirms that this mechanism should be observable in silicon.
References
-
[1] S. Alexandrou, C.-C. Wang, R. Sobolewski,
and T. Y. Hsiang, "Generation of subpicosecond electrical pulses by nonuniform
illumination of GaAs transmission-line gaps," IEEE J. Quantum Electron.,
vol. 30, pp. 1332-1338, 1994.
-
[2] —, "Subpicosecond electrical pulses
generation in GaAs by nonuniform illumination of series and parallel transmission
line gaps," in OSA Proc. Ultrafast Electron. and Optoelectron., T. Shah
and U. Mishra, Eds. Washington, DC: Opt. Soc. Amer., 1993, vol. 14, pp.
209-212.
-
[3] X. Zhou, S. Alexandrou, and T. Y.
Hsiang, "Monte Carlo investigation of the intrinsic mechanism of subpicosecond
pulse generation by nonuniform gap illumination," J. Appl. Phys., vol.
77, pp. 706-711, 1995.
-
[4] —, "X. Zhou, S. Alexandrou, and
T. Y. Hsiang, "Monte-Carlo investigation of subpicosecond pulse generation
by nonuniform gap illumination," in 1994 Conf. Lasers and Electro-Optics
(CLEO'94), Anaheim, CA, May, paper CThI20.
-
[5] X. Zhou, "On the physics of femto-second
electrical pulse generation in transmission-line gaps," Optoelectronics-Devices
and Technologies, vol. 10, pp. 491-504, 1995.
-
[6] D. Krokel, D. Grischkowsky, and
M. B. Ketchen, "Subpicosecond electrical pulse generation using photoconductive
switches with long carrier lifetimes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 54, pp.
1046-1047, 1989.
-
[7] M. B. Ketchen, D. Grischkowsky,
T. C. Chen, C.-C. Chi, I. N. Duling, III, N. J. Halas, J.-M. Halbout, J.
A. Kash, and G. P. Li, "Generation of subpicosecond electrical pulses on
coplanar transmission lines," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 751-753,
1986.
-
[8] F. W. Smith, H. Q. Lee, V. Diadiuk,
M. A. Hollis, A. R. Calawa, S. Gupta, M. Frankel, D. R. Dykkaar, G. A.
Mourou, and T. Y. Hsiang, "Picosecond GaAs-based photoconductive optoelectronic
detectors," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 890-892, 1989.
-
[9] S. Alexandrou, C.-C. Wang, T. Y.
Hsiang, M. Y. Liu, and S. Y. Chou, "A 75-GHz silicon metal-semiconductor-metal
Schottky photodiode," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 62, pp. 2507-2509, 1993.
-
[10] C.-C. Wang, M. Currie, R. Sobolewski,
and T. Y. Hsiang, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 67, pp. 79-81, 1995.
-
[11] E. Sano and T. Shibata, "Mechanism
of subpicosecond electrical pulse generation by asymmetric excitation,"
Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 55, pp. 2748-2750, 1989.
-
[12] —, "Fullwave analysis of picosecond
photoconductive switches," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 26, pp. 372-377,
1990.
-
[13] U. D. Keil and D. R. Dykaar, "Electro-optic
sampling and carrier dynamics at zero propagation distance," Appl. Phys.
Lett., vol. 61, pp. 1504-1506, 1992.
-
[14] S. E. Ralph and D. Grischkowsky,
"Trap-enhanced electric fields in semi-insulators: The role of electrical
and optical carrier injection," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 59, pp. 1972-1974,
1991.
-
[15] —, "Extremely high electric fields
at semi-insulating/metal interfaces: Enhanced generation of ultrafast THz
radiation," in Conf. Lasers and Electro-Optics 1991, Baltimore, MD, May
12-17, post-deadline paper CPD17-1.
-
[16] MEDICI, Technology Modeling Associates,
Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 1994.
-
[17] E. Sano, "A device model for metal-semiconductor-metal
photodetectors and its applications to optoelectronic integrated circuit
simulation," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 37, pp. 1964-1968, 1990.
-
[18] D. M. Caughey and R. E. Thomas,
"Carrier mobilities in silicon empirically related to doping and field,"
Proc. IEEE, vol. PROC-55, pp. 2192-2193, 1967.
-
[19] J. J. Barnes, R. J. Lomax, and
G. I. Haddad, "Finite-element simulation of GaAs MESFET's with lateral
dopng profiles and sub-micron gates," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol.
ED-23, pp. 1042-1048, 1976.
-
[20] S. N. Chamoun, R. Joshi, E. N.
Arnold, R. O. Grondin, K. E. Meyer, M. Pessot, and G. A. Mourou, "Theoretical
and experimental investigation of subpicosecond photoconductivity," J.
Appl. Phys., vol. 66, pp. 236-245, 1989.
-
[21] L. S. Seah and C. J. Yap, "Semiconductor
device characterization with TCAD," Final Year Project Report, School of
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore, 1995-1996, P6080.
Citation
-
[12] X.
Zhou, "On the physics of femto-second electrical pulse generation by
nonuniform gap illumination," OPTOELECTRONICS--Devices and Technologies,
Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 491-504, Dec. 1995.
-
[10] X.
Zhou, T. Tang, L. S. Seah, C. J. Yap, and S. C. Choo, "Numerical investigation
of subpicosecond electrical pulse generation by edge illumination of silicon
transmission-line gaps," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., Vol. 34, No. 1, pp.
171-178, Jan. 1998.
-
[12] Shi-Hsiang
Lu, Jun-Liang Li, Jian-Shen Yu, Sheng-Fu Horng, and C. C. Chi ,
"Observation of terahertz electric pulses generated by nearly filled-gap
nonuniform illumination excitation," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 77, No. 24,
pp. 3896-3898, Dec. 2000.
-
[10] Marina
Sirbu, Sébastien B. P. Lepaul, and Frédéric Aniel,
"Coupling 3-D Maxwell’s and Boltzmann’s Equations
for Analyzing a Terahertz Photoconductive Switch," IEEE Ttrans. MTT,
Vol. 53, No. 9, pp. 2991-2998, Sept. 2005.
IEEE citation
IEL citation
ISI
citation