Deepu Rajan


Associate Professor

College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University



   
 HOME  RESEARCH TEACHING BIOGRAPHY LINKS



Selected Publications          

(Click CV for complete list)

          Edited Proceedings
    •  T. J. Cham, J. Cai, C. Dorai, D. Rajan, T. S. Chua and L. T. Chia, “Advances in Multimedia Modeling”
       Lecture Notes on Computer Science,  Vol. 4351 and Vol. 4352, 2007.
          Book Chapters
    • Y. Hu, V. Gopalakrishnan and D. Rajan, ''Modeling visual saliency in images and videos,'' Computer Vision for Multimedia Applications: Methods and Solutions, IGI-Global, 2011, pp. 273-293.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Generalized interpolation for super-resolution,'' Super-Resolution Imaging, Kluwer Academic Press, 2001, pp. 45-72. 
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Super-resolution imaging using blur as a cue,'' Super-Resolution Imaging, Kluwer Academic Press, 2001, pp. 107-130
          Journal Papers
    • J. Wang, H. Du, D. Niyato, J. Kang, Z. Xiong, D. Rajan, S. Mao and X. Shen, "A unified framework for guiding generative AI with wireless perception in resource constrained mobile edge networks", IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 10344-10360, Nov. 2024.
    • J. Burton-Barr, F. Basura and D. Rajan, "Activation control of vision models for sustainable AI systems", IEEE Trans. Artificial Intelligence, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 3470-3481, July 2024.
    • Y. Qiu and D. Rajan, "A multivariate Markov chain model for interpretable dense action anticipation", Neurocomputing,vol. 574, Article No. 127285, 2024 .
    • A. Koksal, Kenan E. Ak, Y. Sun, D. Rajan and J. H. Lim, "Controllable video generation with text-based instructions", IEEE Trans. Multimedia, vol. 26, pp. 190-201, 2024.
    • X. Chen,  D. Rajan and C. Quek, "An embedded deep fuzzy association model for learning and explanation," Applied Soft Computing, vol. 131, Article No. 109738, Dec. 2022.
    • H. Christanto, G. Lee, Z. W. Jair, H. Kasim and D. Rajan, “Smart Interpretable Model (SIM) enabling subject matter experts in rule generation,” Experts Systems with Applications, vol. 207, Article No. 117945, Nov. 2022.
    • X. Chen, D. Rajan and C. Quek, “An interpretable neural fuzzy Hammerstein-Wiener network for stock price prediction,” Information Sciences, vol. 577, pp. 324-335, 2022.
    • S. Mao, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “Deep residual pooling network for texture recognition,” Pattern Recognition, vol. 112, Article No. 107817, Apr. 2021.
    • L. Wang and D. Rajan, “An image similarity descriptor for classification tasks,”, Journal of Visual Communications and Image Representation (accepted).
    • D. K. Prasad, H. Dong, D. Rajan and C. Quek, “Are object detection assessment criteria ready for maritime computer vision?,”, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 5295-5304, 2020.
    • D. K. Prasad, C. K. Prasath, D. Rajan, L. Rachmawati, E. Rajabally and C. Quek, “Object detection in maritime environment: Performance evaluation of background subtraction methods,”, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 1787-1802, 2019.
    • H. Cholakkal, J. Johnson and D. Rajan, “Backtracking spatial pyramid pooling (SPP)-based image classifier for weakly supervised top-down salient object detection”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 27, no. 12, pp.6064-6078, 2018.
    • D. K. Prasad, D. Rajan, L. Rachmawati, E. Rajabally and C. Quek, “Video processing from electro-optical sensors for object detection and tracking in maritime environment: A survey”, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 1993-2016, 2017.
    • J. Johnson, H. Cholakkal and D. Rajan, “ L1-regularized reconstruction error as alpha matte”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 24, no. 4, pp.407-411, 2017.
    • J. Li, L. Luo, F. Zhang, J. Yang and D. Rajan, “Double low rank matrix recovery for saliency fusion”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 4421-4432, 2016.
    • J. Johnson, E. Shahrian, H. Cholakkal and D. Rajan, “Sparse coding for alpha matting”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 3032-3043, 2016.
    • H. Cholakkal, J. Johnson and D. Rajan, “A classifier-guided approach for top-down salient object detection”, Signal Processing:Image Communication, vol. 45, pp. 24-40, 2016.
    • K. Muthuswamy and D. Rajan, “Salient motion detection in compressed domain”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 996-999, 2013.
    • E. Shahrian and D. Rajan, “Weighted color and texture sample selection for image matting”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 4260-4270, 2013.
    • Z. Ren, S. Gao, L. T. Chia and D. Rajan, “Regularized feature reconstruction for spatio-temporal saliency detection”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 3120-3132,  2013.
    • Alex Y. S. Chia, D. Rajan, Maylor K. H. Leung and S. Rahardja, “Object recognition by discriminative combinations of line segments, ellipses and appearance features”, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1758-1772, Sept. 2012.
    • V. Gopalakrishnan, D. Rajan and Y. Hu, “A linear dynamical system framework for salient motion detection”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 683-692, May 2012.
    • B. Saghafi and D. Rajan, “Human action recognition using pose-based discriminant embedding”, Signal Processing:Image Communication, vol. 27, no.1, pp. 96-111, Jan. 2012.
    • Alex Y. S. Chia, S. Rahardja, D. Rajan and Maylor K. H. Leung, “A split and merge based ellipse detector with self correcting capability”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, , vol. 20, no.7, pp. 1991-2006, July 2011.
    • V. Gopalakrishnan, Y. Hu and D. Rajan, “Random walks on graphs for salient object detection in images”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 3232-3242, 2010.
    • Z. L. Sun, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “Scene classification using multiple features in a two-stage classification framework”, Neurocomputing, vol. 73, pp.2971-2979, 2010.
    • Alex Y. S. Chia, S. Rahardja, D. Rajan and Maylor K. H. Leung, “Structural descriptors for category level object detection”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 11, no. 8, pp.1407-1421, 2009.
    • Y. Hu, X. Cheng, L. T. Chia, X. Xie, D. Rajan and A.-H. Tan, “Coherent phrase model for efficient image near-duplicate retrieval”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 11, no. 8, pp.1434-1445, 2009.
    • V. Gopalakrishnan, Y. Hu and D. Rajan, “Salient region detection by modeling distributions of color and orientation”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 11, no. 5, pp.892-905, 2009.
    • Y. Hu, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “Attention-from-motion: A factorization approach to detecting attention objects in motion”, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol. 113, no. 3, pp.319-331, March 2009.
    • Y. Hu, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “Detection of visual attention regions in images using robust subspace analysis”, Journal of Visual Communications and Image Representation, vol. 19, no. 3,  pp.199-216, April 2008.
    • Vinod A. P, D. Rajan and A. Singla, “Differential pixel-based low power and high speed implementation of DCT for on-board satellite image processing”, IET Circuits, Devices and Systems, vol. 1, no. 6, pp.444-450, December 2007.
    • D. Tao, J. Cai, H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia and K. N. Ngan, “Dynamic programming based reverse frame selection for VBR video delivery under constrained resources”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 1362-1375, Nov. 2006. 
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, ''A motion-based scene tree for browsing and retrieval of compressed videos'', Information Systems, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 638-658, Nov. 2006.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, and L. T. Chia, ''A motion-based scene tree for compressed video content management,'' Image and Vision Computing, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 131-142, Feb. 2006.
    • S. Liu, M. Xu, H. Yi, L. T. Chia, and D. Rajan, ''Multimodal semantic analysis and annotation for basketball video,'' EURASIP Journal of Applied Signal Processing, pp. 1-13, 2006.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, and L. T. Chia, ''A new motion histogram to index motion content in video segments,'' Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 1221-1231, 2005.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, and L. T. Chia, ''Automatic generation of MPEG-7 compliant XML document for motion trajectory descriptor in sports video,'' Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 26, pp. 191-206, 2005.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Simultaneous estimation of super-resolved scene and depth map from low resolution defocused observations,'' IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 27, no. 9, pp.1102-1118, 2003.
    • D. Rajan, S. Chaudhuri, and M. V. Joshi, ''Multi-objective super resolution: concepts and examples,'' IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 49-61, 2003.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''An MRF based approach to generation of super-resolution images from blurred observations,'' Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, vol. 16, pp. 5 – 15, 2002.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Data fusion techniques for super-resolution imaging,'' Information Fusion, vol. 3, pp. 25 – 38, 2002.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Generalized interpolation and its application in super-resolution imaging,'' Image and Vision Computing, vol. 19, pp. 957-969, 2001.
          Conference Papers
    • C. Sugandhika, C. Li, D. Rajan and B. Fernando, “Situational Scene Graph for Structured Human-centric Situation Understanding”, WACV, Tucson, 2025.
    • S. Mao and D. Rajan, “An Encoder-Agnostic Unsupervised Method For Describing Textures”, WACV, Tucson, 2025.
    • Y. Qiu and D. Rajan, “Improving temporal action segmentation and detection with hierarchical grammar”, ICPR, Kolkata, 2024.
    • E. V. S. Ravishankar, S. Mao, and D. Rajan, “Multiscale graph texture network”, ECCV, Milan, 2024
    • H. Zou, M. Shen, Y. Hu, C. Chen, E. S. Chng and D. Rajan, "Cross-modality and within-modality regularization for audio-visual deepfake detection", ICASSP, Seoul, 2023.
    • M. Shen, Y. Huang, J. Yin, H. Zou, D. Rajan and S. See, "Towards balanced active learning for multimodal classification", ACM Multimedia, Ottawa, 2023.
    • H. Zou, M. Shen, C. Chen, Y. Hu, D. Rajan and E. S. Chng, "UniS-MMC: Multimodal classification via unimodality-supervised multimodal contrastive learning", Findings ACL,Toronto, 2023.
    • H. Zou, Y. Si, C. Chen, D. Rajan and E. S. Chng, "Speech emotion recognition with co-attention based multi-level accoustic information", ICASSP, Singapore, 2022.
    • K. Muthuswamy and D. Rajan, "Salient object detection in tracking shots", Proc. International Conf. on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2016, Cancun, Mexico.
    • H. Cholakkal, J. Johnson and D. Rajan, "Backtracking ScSPM image classifier for wakly supervised top-down saliency",  Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2016, Las Vegas, USA.
    • H. Cholakkal, D. Rajan and J. Johnson, "Top-down saliency with locality-constrained contextual sparse coding",  Proc. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC), 2015, Swansea, UK.
    • J. Li, D. Rajan and J. Yang, "Local feature embedding for weakly supervised image classification", Proc. International Conf. on Image Processing (ICIP), 2015, Quebec City, Canada.
    • J. Johnson, D. Rajan and H. Cholakkal, "Sparse codes as alpha matte", Proc. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC), 2014, Nottingham, UK.
    • E. Shahrian, B. Price, S. Cohen and  D. Rajan, "Temporally coherenct and spatially accurate video matting", Eurographics, 2014, France.
    • R. K. Gupta, Alex Y. S. Chia, D. Rajan, "Human activity recognition using depth images", Proc. ACM Multimedia (MM), 2013, Barcelona, Spain.
    • E. Shahrian and D. Rajan, B. Price and S. Cohen, "Improved image matting using comprehensive sampling sets", Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2013, Portland, USA
    • R. K. Gupta, Alex Y. S. Chia, D. Rajan, E. S. Ng and Z. Huang, "Image colorization using similar images", Proc. ACM Multimedia (MM), 2012, Nara, Japan
    • E. Shahrian and D. Rajan, "Weighted color and texture sample selection for image matting", Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2012, Providence, USA
    • Z. Ren, L. T. Chia and D. Rajan, "Boosting saliency detection with robust temporal alignment and local-global spatial contrast", ACM Int. Conf. Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR), 2012, Hong Kong.
    • Z. Ren, Y. Hu, L. T. Chia and D. Rajan, "Improved saliency detection based on super pixel clustering and saliency propagation", ACM Multimedia (MM), 2010, Florence, Italy.
    • B. S. Khadem, E. Farahzadeh, D. Rajan and A. Sluzek, "Embedding visual words into concept space for action and scene recognition", Proc. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC), 2010, Aberystwyth, UK.
    • Y. Hu and D. Rajan, “Hybrid shift map for video retargeting”, Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2010, San Francisco, USA.
    • Alex Y. S. Chia, S. Rahardja, D. Rajan and M. K. Leung, "Object recognition by discriminative combination of line segments and ellipses", Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2010, San Francisco, USA.
    • V. Gopalakarishnan, Y. Hu and D. Rajan, “Random walks on graphs to model saliency in images”, Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2009, Miami, USA.
    • P. Shivakumara, D. Rajan and S. Sadananthan, “Image classification: are rule based systems effective when number of classes is fixed and known?”, International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2008, Tampa, USA.
    • Alex Y.S. Chia, D. Rajan, Maylor K.H. Leung, S. Rahardja, "Category level detection based on object structures", European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), Lausanne, 2008.
    • Y. Hu, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “Scale adaptive visual attention detection using subspace analysis”, ACM Multimedia (MM), 2007, Augsburg, Germany.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan and L. T. Chia, “A ZGPCA algorithm for subspace estimation”, Proc. Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 2007, Beijing, China.
    • C. K. Yeo, L. T. Chia, T. J. Cham and D. Rajan, Click4BuildingID@NTU:Click for building identification with GPS-enabled camera cell phone, Proc. Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 2007, Beijing, China.
    • M. Xu, J. Li, L. T. Chia, J. Jin, Y. Hu , B. S. Lee and D. Rajan, “Event on demand with MPEG-21 video adaptation system”, ACM Multimedia (MM), 2006, Santa Barbara, USA.
    • M. Xu, J. Li, Y. Hu, L. T. Chia, B. S. Lee, D. Rajan and Jianfei Cai, “An Event-driven Sports Video Adaptation for the MPEG-21 DIA Framework”, Proc. Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 2006, Toronto, Canada.
    • M. Xu, L. T. Chia, H. Yi, D. Rajan, ''Affective Content Detection in Sitcom Using Subtitle and Audio,'' 12th International Multimedia Modelling Conference (ICME), 2006, Beijing. 
    • S. Liu, L. T. Chia, D. Rajan, ''Attention Region Selection with Information from Professional Digital Camera,'' 13th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM), 2005, Singapore.
    • Y. Hu, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Robust Subspace Analysis for Detecting Visual Attention Regions in Images,'' 13th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM), 2005, Singapore.
    • S. Liu, H. Yi, L. T. Chia, D. Rajan, ''Adaptive Hierarchical Multi-Class SVM Classifier for Texture-Based Image Classification,'' IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME), 2005.
    • Y. Hu, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Adaptive Local Context Suppression of Multiple Cues for Salient Visual Attention Detection,'' IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME), 2005. 
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Global Motion Compensated Key Frame Extraction from Compressed Videos,'' IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2005, Philadelphia, USA.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''A Motion based Scene Tree for Browsing and Retrieval of Compressed Videos,'' Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Databases (in conjunction with ACM CIKM), 2004.
    • J. Guo, E. S. Chng, D. Rajan, ''Foreground motion detection by difference based spatial temporal entropy image,'' IEEE Tencon, 2004, Chiang Mai.
    •  H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Automatic Extraction of Motion Trajectories in Compressed Sports Videos,'' 12th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 2004, New York, pp.312-315. 
    • Y. Hu, L. T. Chia, D. Rajan, ''Region-of-Interest based Image Resolution Adaptation for MPEG-21 Digital Item,'' 12th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 2004, New York, pp.340-343.
    • Y. Hu, L. T. Chia and D. Rajan, ''JPEG2000 Image Adaptation for MPEG-21 Digital Items,'' IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, vol. 3331, pp. 470-477.
    • S.R.Wang, L. T. Chia and D. Rajan, ''Region-Based Image Retrieval with Scale and Orientation Invariant Features,'' IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, vol. 3331, pp. 182-189.
    • Y. Hu, X. Xie, W. Y. Ma, L. T. Chia, D. Rajan, ''Salient Region Detection Using Weighted Feature Maps Based on the Human Visual Attention Model,'' IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, vol. 3332, pp. 993-1000.
    • S. Liu, H. Yi, L. T. Chia, D. Rajan and S.Chan, ''Semantic Analysis of Basketball Video Using Motion Information,'' IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, vol. 3331, pp. 65-72.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Semantic Video Indexing and Summarization Using Subtitles,'' IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004, vol. 3331, pp. 634-641.
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''Automatic Generation of MPEG-7 Compliant XML document for Motion Trajectory Descriptor in Sports Video,'' ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Databases (in conjunction with ACM CIKM), New Orleans, 2003. 
    • H. Yi, D. Rajan, L. T. Chia, ''A unified approach to detection of shot boundaries and subshots in compressed video,'' International Conf. on Image Processing (ICIP), 2003, Barcelona. 
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Generation of super-resolution images from blurred observations using Markov random fields,'' International Conf. on Accoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2001.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''Simultaneous estimation of super-resolved scene and depth map from low resolution defocused observations,'' International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2001, pp. 113-118.
    • D. Rajan and S. Chaudhuri, ''A perceptually organized method for image interpolation,'' International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2000.